历法系统

公历

The world's most widely used civil calendar. Introduced by 教皇格里高利十三世 in 1582, it reformed the older 儒略历 to more accurately track the solar year.

1582
启用年份
365.25
年均天数
12
月份
52
周 per year
195+
使用国家
400
年周期(闰年)

📜 History of the Gregorian Calendar

公历取代了 儒略历, which had been in use since 46 BCE under Julius Caesar. The Julian calendar assumed a year of exactly 365.25 days, but the actual solar year is approximately 365.2422 days — a difference of about 11 minutes per year. By the 16th century, this had caused the calendar to drift by about 10 days, moving the vernal equinox (important for calculating Easter) away from 三月 21.

In 十月 1582, 教皇格里高利十三世 introduced the reformed calendar, skipping 10 天 (十月 4 was followed by 十月 15) and adjusting the leap year rules to prevent future drift. The reform was gradually adopted across the world over the following centuries.

公元前46年
尤利乌斯·凯撒推行儒略历
Established a 365-day year with a leap year every 4 years. Replaced the older Roman calendar.
325 CE
尼西亚会议统一复活节日期
Tied the calculation of Easter to the vernal equinox — which would later drift due to 儒略历 inaccuracy.
1582
教皇格里高利十三世推行公历
十月 4 was followed directly by 十月 15, correcting the 10-day drift. New leap year rules introduced.
1752
英国及其美洲殖民地采用公历
By then 11 天 had to be dropped. 九月 2 was followed by 九月 14, 1752.
1873
日本 adopts the Gregorian calendar
Meiji-era 日本 officially switched from the lunisolar calendar to the Gregorian system.
1923
希腊成为最后一个采用公历的欧洲国家
Greece had to skip 13 天, jumping from 二月 15 to 三月 1, 1923.

📅 Structure: Months of the 年

The Gregorian calendar has 12 months with a total of 365 天 (366 in a leap year). The names of the months come from Latin and Roman traditions.

#月天拉丁语源季节 (N. Hemisphere)
1一月31雅努斯(起始之神)冬季
2二月28 (闰年29天)Februa(净化节)冬季
3三月31玛尔斯(战神)春季
4四月30Aperire(开启)春季
55月31迈亚(成长女神)春季
6六月30朱诺(众神之后)夏季
7七月31尤利乌斯·凯撒夏季
8八月31奥古斯都·凯撒夏季
9九月30Septem (seven — 7th in old calendar)秋季
10十月31Octo (eight)秋季
11十一月30Novem (nine)秋季
12十二月31Decem (ten)冬季

🗓 Leap 年 Checker

A year is a leap year if it is divisible by 4, except for century years (divisible by 100), which must also be divisible by 400.

⚖️ Gregorian vs. Other Calendars

Calendar类型年长度纪元开始当前年份(公元2026年)
公历阳历365.2425 天公元1年(基督诞生)2026
儒略历阳历365.25 天公元前45年2026(落后13天)
伊斯兰历阴历354.37 天公元622年(希吉拉)1447–1448 AH
希伯来历阴阳历353–385 天公元前3761年(创世)5786–5787 AM
波斯历(太阳历)阳历365.2422 天公元622年(希吉拉)1404–1405 SH
农历阴阳历354–384 天公元前2697年(黄帝)年 4724

🌐 Explore Other Calendar Systems